Scoliosis

Dr. David Sing, MD

What Is Scoliosis and When Does It Matter?

Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine that affects people of all ages. Some cases are so mild they go unnoticed. Others can cause pain, fatigue, or changes in posture over time.

There are two main types we commonly see:

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS)

• Most common type
• Appears in children and teens, often during growth spurts
• Usually painless and discovered during routine exams
• May require monitoring, bracing, or further intervention if the curve worsens

Adult Degenerative (or De Novo) Scoliosis

• Develops later in life due to age-related disc and joint degeneration
• Can cause back pain, stiffness, or nerve symptoms like leg pain and numbness
• Often linked to arthritis or leg length differences/malalignment
• Feeling of back muscles getting tired over the course of the day, or a “collapsing” sensation

When Does Scoliosis Become a Problem?

Scoliosis may need medical attention if:

• The curve progresses over time
• It causes chronic pain
• It leads to posture changes or breathing issues
• It results in nerve compression (e.g., sciatica, numbness)

Diagnosis & Monitoring

A scoliosis diagnosis typically involves:

• A physical exam (e.g., Adam’s forward bend test)
• X-rays to measure the curve (Cobb angle)
• Ongoing monitoring in growing adolescents or symptomatic adults

Treatment depends on age, symptoms, and the degree of curvature, but most scoliosis patients do not need surgery. Early recognition is key to preventing long-term issues. Extensive research on physical therapy techniques have demonstrated improvement in pain relief and function and this is my recommended starting point for scoliosis management!

If you’re concerned about scoliosis—whether for your child or yourself—we’re happy to help.